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<?php
namespace Illuminate\Database\Query\Grammars;
use Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder;
use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
class PostgresGrammar extends Grammar
{
/**
* All of the available clause operators.
*
* @var string[]
*/
protected $operators = [
'=', '<', '>', '<=', '>=', '<>', '!=',
'like', 'not like', 'between', 'ilike', 'not ilike',
'~', '&', '|', '#', '<<', '>>', '<<=', '>>=',
'&&', '@>', '<@', '?', '?|', '?&', '||', '-', '@?', '@@', '#-',
'is distinct from', 'is not distinct from',
];
/**
* The grammar specific bitwise operators.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $bitwiseOperators = [
'~', '&', '|', '#', '<<', '>>', '<<=', '>>=',
];
/**
* Compile a basic where clause.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $where
* @return string
*/
protected function whereBasic(Builder $query, $where)
{
if (str_contains(strtolower($where['operator']), 'like')) {
return sprintf(
'%s::text %s %s',
$this->wrap($where['column']),
$where['operator'],
$this->parameter($where['value'])
);
}
return parent::whereBasic($query, $where);
}
/**
* Compile a bitwise operator where clause.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $where
* @return string
*/
protected function whereBitwise(Builder $query, $where)
{
$value = $this->parameter($where['value']);
$operator = str_replace('?', '??', $where['operator']);
return '('.$this->wrap($where['column']).' '.$operator.' '.$value.')::bool';
}
/**
* Compile a "where date" clause.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $where
* @return string
*/
protected function whereDate(Builder $query, $where)
{
$value = $this->parameter($where['value']);
return $this->wrap($where['column']).'::date '.$where['operator'].' '.$value;
}
/**
* Compile a "where time" clause.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $where
* @return string
*/
protected function whereTime(Builder $query, $where)
{
$value = $this->parameter($where['value']);
return $this->wrap($where['column']).'::time '.$where['operator'].' '.$value;
}
/**
* Compile a date based where clause.
*
* @param string $type
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $where
* @return string
*/
protected function dateBasedWhere($type, Builder $query, $where)
{
$value = $this->parameter($where['value']);
return 'extract('.$type.' from '.$this->wrap($where['column']).') '.$where['operator'].' '.$value;
}
/**
* Compile a "where fulltext" clause.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $where
* @return string
*/
public function whereFullText(Builder $query, $where)
{
$language = $where['options']['language'] ?? 'english';
if (! in_array($language, $this->validFullTextLanguages())) {
$language = 'english';
}
$columns = collect($where['columns'])->map(function ($column) use ($language) {
return "to_tsvector('{$language}', {$this->wrap($column)})";
})->implode(' || ');
$mode = 'plainto_tsquery';
if (($where['options']['mode'] ?? []) === 'phrase') {
$mode = 'phraseto_tsquery';
}
if (($where['options']['mode'] ?? []) === 'websearch') {
$mode = 'websearch_to_tsquery';
}
return "({$columns}) @@ {$mode}('{$language}', {$this->parameter($where['value'])})";
}
/**
* Get an array of valid full text languages.
*
* @return array
*/
protected function validFullTextLanguages()
{
return [
'simple',
'arabic',
'danish',
'dutch',
'english',
'finnish',
'french',
'german',
'hungarian',
'indonesian',
'irish',
'italian',
'lithuanian',
'nepali',
'norwegian',
'portuguese',
'romanian',
'russian',
'spanish',
'swedish',
'tamil',
'turkish',
];
}
/**
* Compile the "select *" portion of the query.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $columns
* @return string|null
*/
protected function compileColumns(Builder $query, $columns)
{
// If the query is actually performing an aggregating select, we will let that
// compiler handle the building of the select clauses, as it will need some
// more syntax that is best handled by that function to keep things neat.
if (! is_null($query->aggregate)) {
return;
}
if (is_array($query->distinct)) {
$select = 'select distinct on ('.$this->columnize($query->distinct).') ';
} elseif ($query->distinct) {
$select = 'select distinct ';
} else {
$select = 'select ';
}
return $select.$this->columnize($columns);
}
/**
* Compile a "JSON contains" statement into SQL.
*
* @param string $column
* @param string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function compileJsonContains($column, $value)
{
$column = str_replace('->>', '->', $this->wrap($column));
return '('.$column.')::jsonb @> '.$value;
}
/**
* Compile a "JSON contains key" statement into SQL.
*
* @param string $column
* @return string
*/
protected function compileJsonContainsKey($column)
{
$segments = explode('->', $column);
$lastSegment = array_pop($segments);
if (filter_var($lastSegment, FILTER_VALIDATE_INT) !== false) {
$i = $lastSegment;
} elseif (preg_match('/\[(-?[0-9]+)\]$/', $lastSegment, $matches)) {
$segments[] = Str::beforeLast($lastSegment, $matches[0]);
$i = $matches[1];
}
$column = str_replace('->>', '->', $this->wrap(implode('->', $segments)));
if (isset($i)) {
return vsprintf('case when %s then %s else false end', [
'jsonb_typeof(('.$column.")::jsonb) = 'array'",
'jsonb_array_length(('.$column.')::jsonb) >= '.($i < 0 ? abs($i) : $i + 1),
]);
}
$key = "'".str_replace("'", "''", $lastSegment)."'";
return 'coalesce(('.$column.')::jsonb ?? '.$key.', false)';
}
/**
* Compile a "JSON length" statement into SQL.
*
* @param string $column
* @param string $operator
* @param string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function compileJsonLength($column, $operator, $value)
{
$column = str_replace('->>', '->', $this->wrap($column));
return 'jsonb_array_length(('.$column.')::jsonb) '.$operator.' '.$value;
}
/**
* Compile a single having clause.
*
* @param array $having
* @return string
*/
protected function compileHaving(array $having)
{
if ($having['type'] === 'Bitwise') {
return $this->compileHavingBitwise($having);
}
return parent::compileHaving($having);
}
/**
* Compile a having clause involving a bitwise operator.
*
* @param array $having
* @return string
*/
protected function compileHavingBitwise($having)
{
$column = $this->wrap($having['column']);
$parameter = $this->parameter($having['value']);
return '('.$column.' '.$having['operator'].' '.$parameter.')::bool';
}
/**
* Compile the lock into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param bool|string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function compileLock(Builder $query, $value)
{
if (! is_string($value)) {
return $value ? 'for update' : 'for share';
}
return $value;
}
/**
* Compile an insert ignore statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @return string
*/
public function compileInsertOrIgnore(Builder $query, array $values)
{
return $this->compileInsert($query, $values).' on conflict do nothing';
}
/**
* Compile an insert and get ID statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @param string $sequence
* @return string
*/
public function compileInsertGetId(Builder $query, $values, $sequence)
{
return $this->compileInsert($query, $values).' returning '.$this->wrap($sequence ?: 'id');
}
/**
* Compile an update statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @return string
*/
public function compileUpdate(Builder $query, array $values)
{
if (isset($query->joins) || isset($query->limit)) {
return $this->compileUpdateWithJoinsOrLimit($query, $values);
}
return parent::compileUpdate($query, $values);
}
/**
* Compile the columns for an update statement.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @return string
*/
protected function compileUpdateColumns(Builder $query, array $values)
{
return collect($values)->map(function ($value, $key) {
$column = last(explode('.', $key));
if ($this->isJsonSelector($key)) {
return $this->compileJsonUpdateColumn($column, $value);
}
return $this->wrap($column).' = '.$this->parameter($value);
})->implode(', ');
}
/**
* Compile an "upsert" statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @param array $uniqueBy
* @param array $update
* @return string
*/
public function compileUpsert(Builder $query, array $values, array $uniqueBy, array $update)
{
$sql = $this->compileInsert($query, $values);
$sql .= ' on conflict ('.$this->columnize($uniqueBy).') do update set ';
$columns = collect($update)->map(function ($value, $key) {
return is_numeric($key)
? $this->wrap($value).' = '.$this->wrapValue('excluded').'.'.$this->wrap($value)
: $this->wrap($key).' = '.$this->parameter($value);
})->implode(', ');
return $sql.$columns;
}
/**
* Prepares a JSON column being updated using the JSONB_SET function.
*
* @param string $key
* @param mixed $value
* @return string
*/
protected function compileJsonUpdateColumn($key, $value)
{
$segments = explode('->', $key);
$field = $this->wrap(array_shift($segments));
$path = "'{".implode(',', $this->wrapJsonPathAttributes($segments, '"'))."}'";
return "{$field} = jsonb_set({$field}::jsonb, {$path}, {$this->parameter($value)})";
}
/**
* Compile an update from statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @return string
*/
public function compileUpdateFrom(Builder $query, $values)
{
$table = $this->wrapTable($query->from);
// Each one of the columns in the update statements needs to be wrapped in the
// keyword identifiers, also a place-holder needs to be created for each of
// the values in the list of bindings so we can make the sets statements.
$columns = $this->compileUpdateColumns($query, $values);
$from = '';
if (isset($query->joins)) {
// When using Postgres, updates with joins list the joined tables in the from
// clause, which is different than other systems like MySQL. Here, we will
// compile out the tables that are joined and add them to a from clause.
$froms = collect($query->joins)->map(function ($join) {
return $this->wrapTable($join->table);
})->all();
if (count($froms) > 0) {
$from = ' from '.implode(', ', $froms);
}
}
$where = $this->compileUpdateWheres($query);
return trim("update {$table} set {$columns}{$from} {$where}");
}
/**
* Compile the additional where clauses for updates with joins.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @return string
*/
protected function compileUpdateWheres(Builder $query)
{
$baseWheres = $this->compileWheres($query);
if (! isset($query->joins)) {
return $baseWheres;
}
// Once we compile the join constraints, we will either use them as the where
// clause or append them to the existing base where clauses. If we need to
// strip the leading boolean we will do so when using as the only where.
$joinWheres = $this->compileUpdateJoinWheres($query);
if (trim($baseWheres) == '') {
return 'where '.$this->removeLeadingBoolean($joinWheres);
}
return $baseWheres.' '.$joinWheres;
}
/**
* Compile the "join" clause where clauses for an update.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @return string
*/
protected function compileUpdateJoinWheres(Builder $query)
{
$joinWheres = [];
// Here we will just loop through all of the join constraints and compile them
// all out then implode them. This should give us "where" like syntax after
// everything has been built and then we will join it to the real wheres.
foreach ($query->joins as $join) {
foreach ($join->wheres as $where) {
$method = "where{$where['type']}";
$joinWheres[] = $where['boolean'].' '.$this->$method($query, $where);
}
}
return implode(' ', $joinWheres);
}
/**
* Prepare the bindings for an update statement.
*
* @param array $bindings
* @param array $values
* @return array
*/
public function prepareBindingsForUpdateFrom(array $bindings, array $values)
{
$values = collect($values)->map(function ($value, $column) {
return is_array($value) || ($this->isJsonSelector($column) && ! $this->isExpression($value))
? json_encode($value)
: $value;
})->all();
$bindingsWithoutWhere = Arr::except($bindings, ['select', 'where']);
return array_values(
array_merge($values, $bindings['where'], Arr::flatten($bindingsWithoutWhere))
);
}
/**
* Compile an update statement with joins or limit into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @param array $values
* @return string
*/
protected function compileUpdateWithJoinsOrLimit(Builder $query, array $values)
{
$table = $this->wrapTable($query->from);
$columns = $this->compileUpdateColumns($query, $values);
$alias = last(preg_split('/\s+as\s+/i', $query->from));
$selectSql = $this->compileSelect($query->select($alias.'.ctid'));
return "update {$table} set {$columns} where {$this->wrap('ctid')} in ({$selectSql})";
}
/**
* Prepare the bindings for an update statement.
*
* @param array $bindings
* @param array $values
* @return array
*/
public function prepareBindingsForUpdate(array $bindings, array $values)
{
$values = collect($values)->map(function ($value, $column) {
return is_array($value) || ($this->isJsonSelector($column) && ! $this->isExpression($value))
? json_encode($value)
: $value;
})->all();
$cleanBindings = Arr::except($bindings, 'select');
return array_values(
array_merge($values, Arr::flatten($cleanBindings))
);
}
/**
* Compile a delete statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @return string
*/
public function compileDelete(Builder $query)
{
if (isset($query->joins) || isset($query->limit)) {
return $this->compileDeleteWithJoinsOrLimit($query);
}
return parent::compileDelete($query);
}
/**
* Compile a delete statement with joins or limit into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @return string
*/
protected function compileDeleteWithJoinsOrLimit(Builder $query)
{
$table = $this->wrapTable($query->from);
$alias = last(preg_split('/\s+as\s+/i', $query->from));
$selectSql = $this->compileSelect($query->select($alias.'.ctid'));
return "delete from {$table} where {$this->wrap('ctid')} in ({$selectSql})";
}
/**
* Compile a truncate table statement into SQL.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
* @return array
*/
public function compileTruncate(Builder $query)
{
return ['truncate '.$this->wrapTable($query->from).' restart identity cascade' => []];
}
/**
* Wrap the given JSON selector.
*
* @param string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function wrapJsonSelector($value)
{
$path = explode('->', $value);
$field = $this->wrapSegments(explode('.', array_shift($path)));
$wrappedPath = $this->wrapJsonPathAttributes($path);
$attribute = array_pop($wrappedPath);
if (! empty($wrappedPath)) {
return $field.'->'.implode('->', $wrappedPath).'->>'.$attribute;
}
return $field.'->>'.$attribute;
}
/**
* Wrap the given JSON selector for boolean values.
*
* @param string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function wrapJsonBooleanSelector($value)
{
$selector = str_replace(
'->>', '->',
$this->wrapJsonSelector($value)
);
return '('.$selector.')::jsonb';
}
/**
* Wrap the given JSON boolean value.
*
* @param string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function wrapJsonBooleanValue($value)
{
return "'".$value."'::jsonb";
}
/**
* Wrap the attributes of the given JSON path.
*
* @param array $path
* @return array
*/
protected function wrapJsonPathAttributes($path)
{
$quote = func_num_args() === 2 ? func_get_arg(1) : "'";
return collect($path)->map(function ($attribute) {
return $this->parseJsonPathArrayKeys($attribute);
})->collapse()->map(function ($attribute) use ($quote) {
return filter_var($attribute, FILTER_VALIDATE_INT) !== false
? $attribute
: $quote.$attribute.$quote;
})->all();
}
/**
* Parse the given JSON path attribute for array keys.
*
* @param string $attribute
* @return array
*/
protected function parseJsonPathArrayKeys($attribute)
{
if (preg_match('/(\[[^\]]+\])+$/', $attribute, $parts)) {
$key = Str::beforeLast($attribute, $parts[0]);
preg_match_all('/\[([^\]]+)\]/', $parts[0], $keys);
return collect([$key])
->merge($keys[1])
->diff('')
->values()
->all();
}
return [$attribute];
}
}
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